Edwin S. Porter
Born: 1870-04-21 in Connellsville, Pennsylvania, USA
Died: 1941-04-30
Known For: Directing
Biography
Edwin Stanton Porter was an American film pioneer, most famous as a producer, director, studio manager and cinematographer with the Edison Manufacturing Company and the Famous Players Film Company. Influenced by both the "Brighton school" and the story films of Georges Méliès, Porter went on to make important shorts such as Life of an American Fireman (1903) and The Great Train Robbery (1903). In them, he helped to develop the modern concept of continuity editing, paving the way for D.W. Griffith who would expand on Porter's discovery that the unit of film structure was the shot rather than the scene. Porter, in an attempt to resist the new industrial system born out of the popularity of nickelodeons, left Edison in 1909 to form his own production company which he eventually sold in 1912. Porter remains an enigmatic figure in motion picture history. Though his significance as director of The Great Train Robbery and other innovative early films is undeniable, he rarely repeated an innovation after he had used it successfully, never developed a consistent directorial style, and in later years never protested when others rediscovered his techniques and claimed them as their own. He was a modest, quiet, cautious man who felt uncomfortable working with the famous stars he directed starting in 1912. He has directed four films that have been selected for the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant: Life of an American Fireman (1903), The Great Train Robbery (1903), Dream of a Rarebit Fiend (1906) and Tess of the Storm Country (1914).
Filmography
1982
- Before the Nickelodeon: The Cinema of Edwin S. Porter as Self (archive footage) (uncredited)
1915
- Niobe ... (Director)
- Bella Donna ... (Director)
- The Prince and the Pauper ... (Director)
- When We Were Twenty-One ... (Director)
- The White Pearl ... (Director)
- Sold ... (Director)
- The Morals of Marcus ... (Director)
- The Eternal City ... (Director)
- Zaza ... (Director)
1914
- Hearts Adrift ... (Director)
- A Good Little Devil ... (Director)
- Such a Little Queen ... (Director)
- Tess of the Storm Country ... (Director)
- The Crucible ... (Director)
1913
- The Count of Monte Cristo ... (Director)
- In the Bishop's Carriage ... (Director)
- His Neighbor's Wife ... (Director)
- The Prisoner of Zenda ... (Director)
1911
- The Lighthouse by the Sea ... (Director)
- A Heroine of '76 ... (Director)
- On the Brink ... (Director)
- Lost Illusions ... (Director)
- Sherlock Holmes, Jr. ... (Director)
- The Price ... (Director)
1910
- His Mother's Thanksgiving ... (Director)
- Sunshine Sue ... (Producer)
- Russia, the Land of Oppression ... (Director)
1909
- On the Western Frontier ... (Director)
- The Colored Stenographer ... (Director)
1908
- Fireside Reminiscences ... (Camera Operator)
- Rescued from an Eagle's Nest ... (Director of Photography)
- Tale the Autumn Leaves Told ... (Director)
- A Suburbanite's Ingenious Alarm ... (Director)
- Cupid’s Pranks ... (Director of Photography)
- A Country Girl's Seminary Life and Experiences ... (Camera Operator)
- Miss Sherlock Holmes ... (Director)
- She ... (Director)
- Nero and the Burning of Rome ... (Cinematography)
- The Gentleman Burglar ... (Camera Operator)
1907
- College Chums ... (Director)
- Laughing Gas ... (Director)
- The Little Girl Who Did Not Believe in Santa Claus ... (Director)
- The Trainer’s Daughter, or A Race for Love ... (Director)
- Rivals ... (Director)
- Cohen’s Fire Sale ... (Director)
- The 'Teddy' Bears ... (Director)
- Jack the Kisser ... (Director)
- Poor John ... (Director)
1906
- Dream of a Rarebit Fiend ... (Director)
- A Winter Straw Ride ... (Director)
- The Life of an American Cowboy ... (Director)
- How the Office Boy Saw the Ball Game ... (Director of Photography)
- Life of a Cowboy ... (Director)
- Waiting at the Church ... (Director)
- Getting Evidence ... (Director)
- Kathleen Mavourneen ... (Camera Operator)
- The Terrible Kids ... (Camera Operator)
- Three American Beauties ... (Director)
1905
- The Whole Dam Family and the Dam Dog ... (Director)
- The Kleptomaniac ... (Director)
- The Night Before Christmas ... (Director)
- I.B. Dam and the Whole Dam Family ... (Director)
- The Life of an American Policeman ... (Director)
- The Miller’s Daughter ... (Director)
- The White Caps ... (Director)
- Scenes and Incidents, Russo-Japanese Peace Conference, Portsmouth, N. H. ... (Director)
- The Boarding School Girls ... (Director)
- Coney Island at Night ... (Director)
- On a Good Old 5¢ Trolley Ride ... (Camera Operator)
- Desperate Encounter Between Burglar and Police ... (Camera Operator)
- Empire State Express, the Second, Taking Water on the Fly ... (Camera Operator)
- The Train Wreckers ... (Director)
- The Little Train Robbery ... (Director)
- The Burglar's Slide for Life ... (Camera Operator)
- How Jones Lost His Roll ... (Director)
- The Watermelon Patch ... (Director)
- The Seven Ages ... (Director)
1904
- The Great Train Robbery ... (Original Film Writer)
- Railroad Smashup ... (Camera Operator)
- Parsifal ... (Director of Photography)
- Treloar and Miss Marshall, Prize Winners at the Physical Culture Show in Madison Square Garden ... (Director)
- Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association Championships ... (Director)
- How a French Nobleman Got a Wife Through the 'New York Herald' Personal Columns ... (Director)
- Scenes in an Infant Orphan Asylum ... (Director)
- Canoeing on the Charles River, Boston, Mass. ... (Director of Photography)
- Skirmish Between Russian and Japanese Advance Guards ... (Camera Operator)
- The Strenuous Life; or, Anti-Race Suicide ... (Director)
- Fighting the Flames, Dreamland ... (Director)
- Capture of Yegg Bank Burglars ... (Director)
- "Weary Willlie" Kisses the Bride ... (Director)
- A Rube Couple at a County Fair ... (Director)
- Buster Brown and the Dude ... (Camera Operator)
- R. F. Outcault Making a Sketch of Buster and Tige ... (Director)
- Buster Makes Room for His Mama at the Bargain Counter ... (Camera Operator)
- Battle of Chemulpo Bay ... (Cinematography)
- Pranks of Buster Brown and His Dog Tige ... (Camera Operator)
- City Hall to Harlem in 15 Seconds, Via the Subway Route ... (Camera Operator)
- Fire and Flames at Luna Park, Coney Island (An Attraction at Coney Island) ... (Director of Photography)
- Crossing Ice Bridge at Niagara Falls ... (Camera Operator)
- Animated Painting ... (Camera Operator)
- Maniac Chase ... (Camera Operator)
- Buster and Tige Put a Balloon Vendor Out of Business ... (Camera Operator)
- Buster's Dog to the Rescue ... (Camera Operator)
- Dog Factory ... (Camera Operator)
- European Rest Cure ... (Director)
- The Ex-Convict ... (Director)
- Japanese Acrobats ... (Director)
- Scarecrow Pump ... (Director)
1903
- The Great Train Robbery ... (Director of Photography)
- Uncle Tom's Cabin ... (Director)
- Life of an American Fireman as Policeman
- Chicago-Michigan Football Game ... (Cinematography)
- Electrocuting an Elephant ... (Director of Photography)
- What Happened in the Tunnel ... (Director of Photography)
- The Gay Shoe Clerk ... (Director of Photography)
- A Romance of the Rail ... (Camera Operator)
- Sorting Refuse at Incinerating Plant, New York City ... (Director)
- Rube and Mandy at Coney Island ... (Director)
- The Messenger Boy's Mistake ... (Director)
- Subub Surprises the Burglar ... (Camera Operator)
- New York City 'Ghetto' Fish Market ... (Director)
- White Wings on Review ... (Director)
- Panorama Water Front and Brooklyn Bridge from East River ... (Director)
- Buster's Joke on Papa (I) ... (Camera Operator)
- Panorama of Riker's Island, N.Y. ... (Director)
- Panorama of Blackwell's Island ... (Director)
- Buster's Joke on Papa (II) ... (Camera Operator)
- New York Harbor Police Boat Patrol Capturing Pirates ... (Director)
- Street Car Chivalry ... (Camera Operator)
- Fireboat 'New Yorker' in Action ... (Director)
- The Physical Culture Girl ... (Camera Operator)
- New York City Dumping Wharf ... (Director)
- The Unappreciated Joke ... (Director)
- The Animated Poster ... (Camera Operator)
- The Extra Turn ... (Camera Operator)
1902
- Jack and the Beanstalk ... (Director of Photography)
- The Burlesque Suicide, No. 2 ... (Camera Operator)
- The Twentieth Century Tramp; or, Happy Hooligan and His Airship ... (Camera Operator)
- Uncle Josh at the Moving Picture Show ... (Camera Operator)
- Burning of Durland's Riding Academy ... (Director)
- Fun in a Bakery Shop ... (Camera Operator)
- Capture of the Biddle Brothers ... (Director)
- Burning of St. Pierre (Martinique) ... (Camera Operator)
- Charleston Chain-Gang ... (Director)
- How They Do Things on the Bowery ... (Director)
- Appointment by Telephone ... (Director)
- The Burlesque Suicide ... (Camera Operator)
- Babies Rolling Eggs ... (Director)
1901
- Esquimaux Game of Snap-the-Whip ... (Director of Photography)
- President McKinley Taking the Oath ... (Cinematography)
- The Old Maid in the Horsecar ... (Director)
- Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King ... (Director)
- Circular Panorama of Electric Tower ... (Director)
- Execution of Czolgosz with Panorama of Auburn Prison ... (Camera Operator)
- Pan-American Exposition by Night ... (Director)
- President McKinley and Escort Going to the Capitol ... (Director)
- Aunt Sallie's Wonderful Bustle ... (Cinematography)
- The Old Maid Having Her Picture Taken ... (Director)
- Day at the Circus ... (Director)
- The Finish of Bridget McKeen ... (Camera Operator)
- The Tramp's Unexpected Skate ... (Director)
- Why Mr. Nation Wants a Divorce ... (Director)
- Love by the Light of the Moon ... (Director)
- What Happened on Twenty-Third Street, New York City ... (Camera Operator)
- Life Rescue at Long Branch ... (Director)
- Another Job for the Undertaker ... (Director)
- Panorama of Esplanade by Night ... (Director)
- Laura Comstock's Bag-Punching Dog ... (Director)
- Photographing a Country Couple ... (Camera Operator)
- Kansas Saloon Smashers ... (Director)
- Catching an Early Train ... (Camera Operator)
- A Trip Around the Pan-American Exposition ... (Director)
- Panoramic View of Electric Tower from a Balloon ... (Director of Photography)
- The Martyred Presidents ... (Director)
- The Esquimaux Village ... (Director)
- Sampson-Schley Controversy ... (Director)
- The Reversible Divers ... (Director)
1900
- Uncle Josh in a Spooky Hotel ... (Director)
- Uncle Josh's Nightmare ... (Director)
- The Magician ... (Director)
- An Artist's Dream ... (Director)
- Dewar's Scotch Whisky ... (Director)
- Ching Ling Foo Outdone ... (Director)
- An Animated Luncheon ... (Director)
- A Dull Razor ... (Director)
- The Kiss ... (Director)
- The Mystic Swing ... (Director)
- Faust and Marguerite ... (Director)
1899
- Strange Adventure of New York Drummer ... (Director)